Theory For The Problem Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Theory for the Problem: Cognitive Behavior Therapy Cognitive behavior therapy focuses on stresses thinking, analyzing, judging, deciding, and doing (Ellis). Therapy will push Stan to assumes that his cognitions, emotions, and behaviors interact all have a reciprocal cause-and-effect relationship (Ellis). The goal is to teach Stan that his emotions stem mainly from his beliefs, reactions to life situations,evaluations and interpretations (Ellis). The aim is for Stan to learn to identify the interplay of their, feelings,thoughts and behaviors to identify and go over irrational beliefs that have maintained by self-indoctrination (Ellis). To stop Irrational ideas lead to self-defeating behavior Stan needs to stop absolutistic thinking, blaming, and repeating false beliefs by replacement of an ineffective ways of thinking with effective and rational cognitions(Ellis). This will be meet with the Ellis technique of REBT, which includes using humor, role-play, rational emotive imagery, Sh ame-attacking exercises all are standardized treatments and based on empirical evidence(Ellis). REBT groups have a heavy emphasis on psychoeducation and prevention of symptoms which would a possibility for Stan in the future(Ellis). The Aaron Beck cognitive behavior therapy constancy of insight-focused therapy with an emphasis on changing negative thoughts and maladaptive beliefs which Stan needs for improving his anxiety/nervousness, lack of assertiveness and depression which triggerShow MoreRelatedCognitive Behavior Group Therapy Model Essay1284 Words   |  6 PagesCognitive behavior group therapy is a highly structured an interactive form of psychotherapy. It is a widely used model. The cognitive behavior therapy is based on the social learning theory and characterized by many principles. The cognitive behavior group therapy model is used to treat a variety of emotional disorders. It is a problem-focused, short-term model of behavioral treatment that plays a role in helping clients understand that a person s thoughts have the ability to influence theirRead MoreTheories And Theories Of Counseling1051 Words   |  5 PagesTheories in counseling gives future counselors the overall view of theories and why they are important. Theories serve as a guide for counselors and give justification for treatment given. A lack of theory would make it hard for a counselor to connect with their client and know what methods to use for a specific client. Theories sets the tone of how a counselor can affect change in their client’s life. As a school counselor you would be dealing with children with different types personalities andRead MoreMy Integrative Counseling Theory Proposal Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"My Integrative Counseling Theory Proposal† Monica Blount Point University Abstract This paper will examine the theories of two prominent Psychologist; Carl Roger and Aaron Beck. Cognitive Behavior Therapy was developed by Aaron Beck who believed that individuals ‘were a by product of their environment. Person Center Therapy understand that people can use their strengths and resources to solve their own problems. This paper will describe how these two models can be used to integrate therapeuticRead MoreWhat Is Clinical Psychology?1416 Words   |  6 Pagesis Clinical Psychology? It is the branch of psychology that emphasizes on the assessment and treatment of mental illness, abnormal behavior, and psychiatric problems of a person. In this field, you get to correlate with complex human problems. Dealing with mental illness can specify even to psychological disorders, which are a â€Å"harmful dysfunction† in which behavior is judged to be: atypical, disturbing, maladaptive, and unjustifiable (Fahoum, 2017). Psychological disorders can be broken down i ntoRead MorePerson Centered Therapy Is Developed By Carl Rogers Essay1088 Words   |  5 PagesPerson-centered therapy was developed by Carl Rogers. Carl Rogers found person-centered therapy in the 1940s. The person-centered approach has been positive approach because it is constructive and social it develops and helps the person with actualizing and self-actualization. Carl Rogers developed this theory base on the work of peoples getting in trouble for their emotionally. He also did not believe people were able to claim that they have done self-healing or personal growth when the troubleRead MoreThe Concepts Of Behavior Therapy816 Words   |  4 PagesBehavior Therapy The key concepts of behavior therapy are that it â€Å"is grounded on a scientific view of human behavior that accommodates a systematic and structured approach to counseling† (Corey, 2013, p. 250). The attention is focused on the behavior of the person. Behavior therapy is about giving control to the client to expand their freedom. â€Å"People have the capacity to choose how they will respond to external events in their environment† (Corey, 2013, p. 250). Philosophical Underpinnings TheRead MoreContrasting Psycodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral and Person-Centered Counseling Theories1732 Words   |  7 Pages2005). Counseling theories are used by counselors as part of their treatment plan for clients. There are many types of theories that counselors can choose from. These theories are usually hosen based on the client needs and what the counselor feel will be most effective. Counselors are not limited to just one theory when it comes to treating their clients. Theories can be used in conjunction with one another to effectively treat clients. Counseling does not just involve theories alone, it in involvesRead MoreCognitive Behavior Therapy1617 Words   |  7 Pages Cognitive Behavior Therapy started as Behavior Therapy in 1966 by ten behaviorist who did not agree with the Freudian psychoanalytic model. Behavior Therapy really begins in the early 1900s during the behaviorist movement starting with Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, Thorndike, and Hull along with many other scientists that were primarily dealing with behavior and the observation of behavior. The 1950s two research groups in South Africa were on the way to making behavior therapy a science based therapyRead MoreCognitive Therapy for Depression1317 Words   |  6 PagesCognitive Therapy for Depression Cognitive Therapy also known as (CT) is a form of psychotherapy that was developed by the psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck. This style of therapy is one that can change the unrealistic views and way of thinking of the client. This paper will discuss Cognitive Therapy for Depression on children, adults, the evidence that supports CT, and the disadvantages and advantages of CT. This paper will also discuss on how certain life experiences can cause psychological distressRead MoreNotes On Family Therapy Approaches1501 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: Comparing Theories 1 Alan Bradley University of Phoenix MCC/ 04/17/2015 Comparing Theories 2 Family Therapy Approaches Paper Cognitive-Behavioral, Behavioral, Psychoanalytic, and Experiential are all forms of family therapy. Each of these therapies has many similarities and differences

Lung Cancer The Unbiased Killer Essay examples - 1712 Words

Cancer is known as an unbiased killer that knows no race, age or sex of its victims. Doctor Nader (n.d.) states, â€Å"The disease lung cancer is known as the number one cause of cancer related deaths in the United States.† (Lung Cancer Information). Lung cancer takes millions of lives each year, sometimes without the slightest warning. According to The Green Sanctuary (2009), â€Å"The cancer may often be discovered during a routine chest X-ray or CT scan as a small solitary mass.† (What is Lung Cancer?). There are various stages of lung cancer; its treatment options and effects of the disease can impact the individual and their loved ones in many ways. There are many options offered for people diagnosed with lung cancer. Many times†¦show more content†¦Lung cancers are sometimes accompanied by symptoms that result from the production of hormone-like substances by the tumor cells.† (What is Lung Cancer?). On the word of Doctor Nader (n.d.), â€Å"T he growth of the cancer and invasion of lung tissues and surrounding tissue may interfere with breathing, leading to symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, chest pain, and coughing up blood. Lung cancer that has spread to the bones may produce excruciating pain at the sites.† (Lung Cancer Information). When my nephew was six months old after my mother’s diagnosis, the baby was propped up in the corner of the couch so she could play with him. He simply fell over sideways into her arm and it spiral fractured her arm. This broken bone she suffered was just one of the many side effects of the cancer diagnosis and treatment. The pain my mother endured I can never put into words but she had to take many medications and always tried to get us children to look at the brighter side of things. This was her way of helping us cope and helping herself as well. The therapy my mother took made her where she had no energy, no appetite, and hair loss, weaken bones , dry mouth, and upset stomach and eventually she was bed ridden and had to be fed with a spoon. As stated by The Green Sanctuary (2009), Damage to blood cells can result in increased of infections, difficulties clotting, fatigue,Show MoreRelatedPhysician Assisted Suicide Essay1799 Words   |  8 Pagespossession of their own being at all times, they should be able accept that the suffering terminal patients undergo can be unbearable. Terminal patients with illnesses like esophageal cancer, which prevents them from eating without horrible pain and regurgitating the nourishment, or those with pulmonary edema or cases of lung cancer who are quite literally drowning in their own bodily fluids, are candidates for physician-assisted suicide. Most people should be able to accept that once they get to this pointRead MoreEvery Worker Hast the Right to Work Safely and to Come Home at the End of the Workday2026 Words   |  9 Pagesdangerous job(Hard et al., 1999). Other sectors like min ing, construction, transport, manufacturing ranks among the top sectors threatening workers life(ILO, 2003). According to global trend, the workforce biggest killers are cancer, circulatory disease, accidents, and occupational lung diseases, communicable diseases like tuberculosis and others(ILODepartmentofStatistics, 2012). Countries like India and china, massive powerhouse of growing economy, constitutes of more than 400 million(India 370 millionandchina70million)Read MoreAuditors Independence Case Study14460 Words   |  58 Pagestheir very livelihood depend on another conflict of interest: prescribing services that they themselves will perform. We argue both that doctors’ advice is biased by these conflicts of interest and that they typically believe their biased advice is unbiased. Politicians elected to represent the interests of their constituents have been accused of being swayed by private interests, such as personal ties, soft money donations to political campaigns, and other factors. Special interest groups preselectRead MorePerception and Individual Decision Making Mcqs7335 Words   |  30 Pagesemployee is late because he was partying late and then overslept. b. An employee is late because of a flat tire. c. An employee was fired because he slept on the job. d. An employee was promoted because he was hard working. e. An employee died from lung cancer after excessive tobacco use. (b; Moderate; Attribution Theory; p. 141) {AACSB: Analytic Skills} 13. In attribution theory, what is distinctiveness? a. whether an individual displays consistent behaviors in different situations b. whether an individualRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesreactive and to act on intuitions or ‘gut instinct.’ 10 ────CONCEPT CHECK──── Ramones friend says, Ramone, look at those two white guys on the other side of the street. They look friendly. The blond guy with him looks like he would rip your lungs out just to see what would happen. The other one is just as fierce, and hes carrying the radio I lost yesterday; its got my sticker on the side. If Ramone leaves believing that the two guys are friendly because his friend said, They look friendlyRead MoreMarketing Strategy of Dabur Vatika Hair Oil and Dabur Chyawanprash15871 Words   |  64 Pages|1993 | | | |Cancer treatment | | | |1994 Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesVanguard: Is Advertising Really Needed? 283 302 319 PART VI ETHICAL MISTAKES Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Merck’s Vioxx: Catastrophe and Other Problems MetLife: Deceptive Sales Practices Ford Explorers with Firestone Tires: A Killer Scenario Ill Handled 335 351 Conclusions: What We Can Learn 380 Chapter 24 Index 333 365 400 CHAPTER ONE Introduction A t this writing, Marketing Mistakes has passed its thirtieth anniversary. Who would have

Pneumonia and Older Adults Free Essays

What is pneumonia? Pneumonia is a lung infection that can make you very sick. You may cough, run a fever, and have a hard time breathing. For most people, pneumonia can be treated at home. We will write a custom essay sample on Pneumonia and Older Adults or any similar topic only for you Order Now It often clears up in two to three weeks, but older adults, babies, and people with other diseases can become very ill. They may need to be in the hospital. You can get pneumonia in your daily life, such as at school or work. This is called community-associated pneumonia. You can also get it when you are in a hospital or nursing home. This is called healthcare-associated pneumonia. It may be more severe because you already are ill. This topic focuses on pneumonia you get in your daily life. What causes pneumonia? Germs called bacteria or viruses usually cause pneumonia. Pneumonia usually starts when you breathe the germs into your lungs. You may be more likely to get the disease after having a cold or the flu. These illnesses make it hard for your lungs to fight infection, so it is easier to get pneumonia. Having a long-term, or chronic, disease like asthma, heart disease, cancer, or diabetes also makes you more likely to get pneumonia. What are the symptoms? Symptoms of pneumonia caused by bacteria usually come on quickly. They may include: †¢Cough. You will likely cough up mucus (sputum) from your lungs. Mucus may be rusty or green or tinged with blood. †¢Fever. †¢Fast breathing and feeling short of breath. †¢Shaking and â€Å"teeth-chattering† chills. You may have this only one time or many times. †¢Chest pain that often feels worse when you cough or breathe in. †¢Fast heartbeat. †¢Feeling very tired or feeling very weak. †¢Nausea and vomiting. †¢Diarrhea. When you have mild symptoms, your doctor may call this â€Å"walking pneumonia. â€Å" How to cite Pneumonia and Older Adults, Papers

Hopes and Dreams Essay Example For Students

Hopes and Dreams Essay Hopes and DreamsScience has been the backbone of my life ever since my high school daysin Malaysia. Although I studied many science subjects like Physics and Biology,I was especially fond of chemistry. My fondness of chemistry was attributed tomy chemistry teacher Mr. Ang, in the eleventh grade who motivated me to exploreevery topic in great depth. He always gave me great advice, and I was greatlyinfluenced by his spirit and values. Before I applied to universities in Malaysia, I attended variousseminars which gave advice to students who were applying to universities andcolleges. It is here that I got the most important advice of all, Chose amajor in a field that interests you. It did not take long before I wasaccepted to the xxxx University, and I chose Chemical Engineering as my field ofstudy. Unfortunately, I had to deny the offer since my family had decided tomove to the United States of America. One of the oldest and I find most interesting theory is the psychoanalytic view or called wish fulfillment theory. This theory was presented by Freud, which suggests that dreams are disguised symbols of repressed desires and anxieties (Huffman, 149). What I find interesting about this theory is how it believes that dreams have a direct relationship with peoples wishes. Unfortunately, most people focus on the content of dreams than the form of dreaming. This would impact Freuds work because scientist were looking for the meaning, rather than for the source(Piero, 3). I find this theory most valuable because if the source is suppressed anxieties, and the dreams help your body relieve some, it is very important or else one might have a breakdown. .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 , .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 .postImageUrl , .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 , .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7:hover , .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7:visited , .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7:active { border:0!important; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7:active , .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7 .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u61b6f5568c2d338a6a885b127a4888f7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Morality. It has been questioned by people, honore Analysis EssayReasons why I may have manifested fishing on a lake could possibly mean that I am releasing some suppressed desires. Something that would have provoked me to dream of fishing would be because I have not gone fishing lately due to schooling. This longing to go fishing may have created a desire that would carry to my dreams. So then, the latent content or true meaning of the dream is my suppressed anger towards not being able to go fishing anymore. Recently new findings were uncovered to give some truth behind Freuds hypothesis. Using positron emission topography (PET), Allen Braun of the National Institute of Deafness and other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) found that the limbic and paralimbic regions of the brain were highly active during REM sleep. In addition areas of the prefrontal cortex, were inactive (Carpenter, 2). There are many parts of this research that may help support Freuds theory. The data are consistent with a number of elements of classical Freudian theory, Braun says. Still many people are skeptical to these new finding. But it is still exciting to see the advancements of the research. All three theories are very important in that they help provide a path to new discoveries in this infant field of dreams. BibliographyHuffman, Vernoy, and Judith Vernoy. Psychology in Action. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons, Inc., 1987. Piero, Scaruffi. http://www.scaruffi.com/scaruffi/science/dreaming.htm 1998. Antrobus, John. Dream Theory 1997: Toward a Computational Neurocognitive Model. http://bisleep.medsch.ucla.edu/srs/antrobus.html. 1997. Carpenter, Siri. American Psychological Association (APA), http://www.apa.org/monitor/sc4.html. 1999.

Internship Report as a It Support Engineer free essay sample

My field of interest is IT Support Engineer and I worked in this field and gain significant knowledge on this field. This experience will help to me to get job on this related field. The purpose of the internship program is to help students focus on their career interests and potentials. The whole program entitles to give the opportunity to learn, observe and determine their goals and aims. At the end of the period, the study allows them to gather information and construct a report on their observations, knowledge and experience. As stated earlier the study also assists students in completing their academic credit. The scope of the report is to describe the purposes of the internship program and the work undergone during the program. The report defines the responsibilities, sources of data, information of the work covered in the program duration with problems and achievements. The activity schedule is the work distribution of an internee in order to complete the internship program. We will write a custom essay sample on Internship Report as a It Support Engineer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The efficiency and maturity with which a Engineer schedules the activities related to a network determines the engineer understands of his/her work. Scheduling determines the necessary tasks and allocates each task the necessary time. The internship program allows internees to understand how processes work and what is needed to be able to perform efficiently. Problems may surface while preparing a detailed internship report due to difficulty in acquiring information or data and limited prior knowledge in technical report writing. While obtaining information, an internee may face difficulties in communicating with various sources of information and also face difficulties in unknown platform. In order to have sufficient amount of knowledge by the end of this program, an internee should be able to communicate well with the fellow colleagues and obtain information as much as they can with the limitations involved. Link3 Technologies Ltd. is a full-service IT company and solution provider with unrivaled expertise in software development-maintenance, networking, computer sales service, web-based solution, computer hardware software sales-support. They are vision is to provide the utmost satisfaction to our clients through unwavering commitment to Service Standards in every aspect of our business. They achieve our vision on the strength of our highly motivated employees in a caring work environment. Link3 Technologies Ltd. is specialized in designing, developing, and delivering effective IT solutions to help streamline IT functions and improve the competitive position of the clients. They are a Customer Focused Company working to provide innovative solutions, which are delivered with Reliability and Timeliness, Flexibility and Low Cost. Customer satisfaction is our primary aim. They design solutions keeping the business requirements of clients as well as technical requirements in mind.

How To Use the Spanish Word Mismo

How To Use the Spanish Word 'Mismo' Mismo and its variations (misma, mismos, and mismas) are common words used for emphasis or to indicate that things are the same. They can be used as adjectives or pronouns, and mismo can occasionally is also used as an adverb. Using Mismo for Similarity The most common dictionary definition of mismo is usually same or identical, and that is its most common meaning as either adjective or pronoun. As either part of speech, it must match the word it refers to in number and gender: Un americano conduce el mismo coche desde hace 69 aà ±os. (An American has been driving the same car for 69 years.)Vivà ­an en la misma casa que sus antepasados. (They lived in the same house as their ancestors.)Las montaà ±as de nuestro paà ­s siempre son las mismas. (The mountains in our country are always the same.) ¿Son los mismos? (Are they the same ones?)El arte y la naturaleza no son la misma cosa. (Art and nature arent the same thing.)Espaà ±a no es la misma. (Spain is not the same.) Note that when used as an adjective to mean same, mismo or its variations come before the noun it refers to. The singular neuter form, lo mismo, typically means the same thing: No podemos hacer lo mismo. (We cant do the same thing.)Siempre est escribiendo sobre lo mismo. (She is always writing about the same thing.)Autoritarismo y totalitarismo no son lo mismo. (Authoritarianism and totalitarianism arent the same thing.)No vemos lo mismo. (We arent seeing the same thing.) Keep in mind that if youre talking about things being alike rather than being the same thing, you probably will use the adjective iguales: Se dice que dos copos de nieve no son iguales. (It is said that no two snowflakes are the same.) Using Mismo for Emphasis When following a pronoun, mismo or its variations add emphasis. They are frequently translated as a form of -self, as in the first four examples:  ¡Hazlo tà º misma! (Do it yourself!)Yo mismo puedo controlar mi vida emocional. (I myself can control my emotional life.)Ellos mismos reconocen su ineficacia e ineptitud. (They themselves recognize their inability and ineptitude.)La conciencia crece cuando aprendemos que sà ³lo yo mismo puedo hacerme daà ±o. (Awareness grows when we learn that only I myself can cause myself harm.)Desde muy pequeà ±o he estado observando el deterioro del planeta causado por nosotros mismos. (Since he was very young he has been observing the deterioration of the planet caused by our very selves.) Note that words such as myself in the second example above merely adds emphasis. This is different than in a sentence such as I hurt myself, where myself is a reflexive pronoun, a type of direct object. Mismo or its variations can also be used with nouns to add emphasis, in which case it can be placed either before or after the noun: No vivo en Londres mismo. No vivo en mismo Londres. (I dont live in London itself.)Nuestro amigo, el mismo Manuel, es presidente de la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. Nuestro amigo, Manuel mismo, es presidente de la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a. (Our friend, Manuel himself, is president of the company.) Mismo can also function as an adverb to add emphasis to certain other adverbs: Hoy mismo voy a Madrid. (This very day Im going to Madrid.) ¿Que ests haciendo ahora mismo? (What are you doing right now?)Me refugià © en un bar y allà ­ mismo conocà ­ a mi futura esposa. (I took refuge in a bar and right there I met my future wife.) Other Uses for Mismo The phrase por lo mismo can usually be translated as for that reason or because of this: Por lo mismo, es importante entender la cultura. (For that reason, it is important to understand the culture.) The mismo refers back to what was said or understood earlier. El mismo or la misma can be used to refer to the person speaking in situations like this:  ¿Eres Patricia? - La misma. (Are you Patricia?  ¶The one and the same.) Key Takeaways When used to mean same, mismo comes before the noun in refers to.Mismo can also function as a neuter noun (lo mismo) to mean the same thing.Mismo can be used for emphasis either before or after a noun or pronoun, or as an adverb.

Critique of a qualitative research article Essay

Critique of a qualitative research article - Essay Example 4. The study shows no any stated hypothesis. 5. The study was an original one and not a replication of past studies because it was the first study to apply longitudinal and repeated measures design in children. This is unique because previous studies were done through the cohort design. Through the unique approach, the study added new information to what was already from previous studies. First, the study found that self-determined health judgment reduced significantly over the 6 month period after intervention. This decline portrayed a change from intrinsic to extrinsic direction unlike previous studies that used the cohort design, which found the change to move from extrinsic to intrinsic direction (Chen & Kennedy, 2009). 6. The study participants in this study were children aged 8 to 9 years and their mothers. In selecting, the study participants, children and their mothers were supposed to self identify as either white or Latino. The second criterion was that the child should be in good health, which meant that the child should not have any acute or life threatening medical condition. In addition, the child was supposed to have the ability to attend to daily activities such as attending school. Thirdly, the mothers we required, in addition to speaking Spanish, English or both, were also required to be able to read in either of the two languages for them to be able to fill questionnaires that were written at fourth to sixth grade levels. Finally, both the child and mother were required to reside in the same household (Chen & Kennedy, 2009). The independent variables in this study were; one, consistent use of media rules in families under investigation. The other independent variables were age, ethnicity, and poor affective responsiveness in the family. The dependent variable was the level of children involvement in risk taking behaviors. The study fails to provide a definition of each of the independent variables, as well as the dependent variable (Chen & Ke nnedy, 2009). 7. The sample population was made of study subjects of the White and Latino origin. There were 16 sites that offered a total of 34 groups with about 4 children in a group. There were a total of 122 children aged 8 to 9 years and their mothers. The number of the white participants was 58 while the Latinos were 64. The randomly selected sample comprised of 58 girls, who represented 47.5% of the participants, and 64 boys, which was 52.5%, of the study participants. The groups were well balanced in terms of ethnicity and gender (Chen & Kennedy, 2009). Based on the objective of the study, which was to research on school age children to reduce their risk taking behaviors and increase safety behaviors, I feel that the study also ought to have included teachers who teach in the schools attended by the children under investigation. Therefore, the study was to some extent not comprehensive because teachers spend more time with the children than the mothers and are much aware of children behaviors. By targeting two ethnic groups; the Whites and the Latinos, the population appears not to be a generalizable one because there are varying factors among ethnic groups that would determine the level of exposure to risky behaviors by children. Therefore, ethnicity being one of the variables under investiga

Globalization and its Impact on World Politics and National Essay

Globalization and its Impact on World Politics and National Sovereignty of States - Essay Example This paper offers a critical complex analysis of the aspects of the globalization phenomena in different fields of human activities, such as politics, economics, social sphere. In addition, this research paper seeks to measure the impact that the globalization has on the the paradigm on national sovereignty Global interaction has resulted to a marked reduction in political instruments effectiveness available for any government. The transfers of ideologies, cultural intercourse, sharing of commodities, capital and services have led to e border controls becoming less restrictive. There is an argument that globalisation is linked to neo-liberalism as well capitalism, which, seem to have generated a debate on whether the notion encourages wealth or self indulgence. Globalization has a big influence in geopolitics in terms of raising warfare costs through economic integration and other ways. At the same time, it creates new power sources beyond the classic military of tanks, planes and missiles thereby creating a new pressure source on nations to change the normal organization ways. Exchange rate, trade balance, rising investment transnationalization, production, and consumption basically now tend to determine any economic policy. Globalization has transformed the paradigm on national sovereignty by making it hard for the state to capture any historical time by tradition appropriation and national identity construction and reconstruction.

Analysis between Life and Death in Shanghai and woman at point zero Essay

Analysis between Life and Death in Shanghai and woman at point zero - Essay Example It’s an autobiography of the author herself. It is a tale of woman who had been struggling for survival, dignity between the authoritarian of the Cultural Revolution. Her crime was just her class backdrop and a enthusiasm to life. She got arrested in the late 1966 after the â€Å"The Red Guards† looted her house. The book tells the story of Nien Cheng, when she got arrested all through the Cultural Revolution and was caught up in jail for more than six years. She was pressurized to accept the fake accuse that she was a spy for â€Å"the imperialists†. She refused to do so and lived a life in prison, full of misery and torture. Finally, she was released in 1973 and found out that her daughter, Meiping, who was going to school to become an actress was also murdered by â€Å"The Red Guards†, although, police told her that she has committed suicide. Cheng found this by investigating herself, and thought that the whole situation which was told by the police was impossible. Later she got relocated towards a two bedrooms apartment with one of her relative. Till 1980, Cheng lived in China than she moved towards United States. (Cheng, Nein., 1987). On the other hand, the book Women at Point Zero is written by Nawal El Saadawi. It is story which is based on the life of a woman namely, Firdaus. She is an ex-prostitute and was accused for the murder of a pimp. She refuses to talk to anyone in or out of the prison. However, Firdaus, agreed to talk with the author, who is a psychologist as well, on the tenth day of living in the prison. Gradually, she tells the author about the history of her life. In past, Firdaus life was full of abuse, abandonment, oppression, people taking advantage of her and people whom she met nearly rejected her from child to the adulthood. She was born in a farming society to an offensive father. Foremost important thing in the book is that Firdaus describes pleasure similar to pain and pain which is same like pleasure. After her parents

Strong Brand Since The 1950s Marketing Essay

Strong Brand Since The 1950s Marketing Essay Brands are of high importance to companies since they have the ability to bring attributes and associations to consumers minds and add value to the producing company and the product itself (Kotler, 2003). Adidas is a globally very strong brand since the 1950s. Adidas manufactures products that cover a wide spectrum of the total global sport market. Their products are divided in three main categories which are: Adidas Sport Performance, Adidas Sport Heritage and Adidas Sport Style. The wide variety of products that Adidas manufactures is the core problem since it is difficult for the company to establish full communication with its potential consumers. As a result of adding value only to some of the product segments is the possible association, in the mind of the consumer, of the brand with only some of the segments. Adidas in the eyes of the consumers is mostly associated with football which as a sport is by far known as a mens sport. Women on the other hand the previous years werent prioritized for the communication and sales promotion strategies. But the last decades women are involved in sports in a much higher percentage equally to the one of men. This has led the female sportswear market and industry to grow rapidly in order to cover the gap. In many households women are making the final decisions for the products that will be bought. This has led many companies to change their advertising position and make their advertisements more attractive to women. Advertising and communication strategies are the power to create associations and perceptions to a brand and enhance its brand image so that the brand will be more attractive and interesting in the mind of the consumer (Nilson, Torsten, 2000). In order to succeed in reaching out to women Adidas followed the changes, adapted to the needs that modern women have and came up with a deal with world famous designer Stella McCartney developing a new product line extension known as Adidas by Stella McCartney. STRATEGIC DECISIONS Question 2 Prepare positioning maps and perceptual maps for the chosen-appointed subgroup. Present appropriate explanations in order to support your proposals. Positioning Map Male Innovative Classic Adidas Female Adidas by Stella McCartney is generally positioned in the positioning map as a new innovative stylish top collection designed for women. Sportswear apparel for women exists as a product line in Adidas product categories for many decades. The new top line collection by Stella McCartney is an innovative new collection in womens sportswear that combines performance and functionality with high quality. Perceptual Maps High School Graduate or more Some High School or less Economically strong Economically weak Adidas Adidas by Stella McCartney collection is mostly addressed to women who are educated and in a way wealthy because of their personal success in business environment as a result of personal achievements. By being economically strong women can buy this collection rather searching for products which are best value for money, or for special discounts and offerings; the Adidas by Stella McCartney does not have discounts or special offers. Big Spender Out of Fashion In Style Stingy Adidas Adidas by Stella McCartney new top line collection targets women who spend a lot of money in cloths and shoes and in sports apparel in general. They usually look to purchase sportswear by famous designers to fulfill their need and desire to be attractive, different and stand out in the crowd. Sport Active Expensive Cheap Sport Inactive Adidas The new top line collection Adidas by Stella McCartney is addressed to women who are sport active and are willing to pay more money to purchase sportswear designed by a famous designer. Big City Income 15000-30000 $ Income Rural Adidas Adidas by Stella McCartney is addressed to women living in big cities and having an average income of 23000$. In big cities the trends are a daily phenomenon and economically strong women want to be in the trend and always look stylish because of the competition that exists sometimes in big cities. Every successful woman likes to be different and attractive because of her stylish and famous designed outfit. ANALYSIS OF THE PROMOTIONAL MIX Question 3 Critically present the advertising and sales promotion objectives of the specific subgroup. Through advertising companies try to attach certain values to a product and make it more attractive to the needs of the consumer. Advertisements are paid announcements which usually target a specific market target group and are made or designed in a way to influence the consumer to buy the product or service being advertised. For that reason advertisements can be promoted by television, radio, newspapers, magazines and internet (Cohan, 2001). The last years Adidas has launched a new collection which is released every six months and is designed especially for women; it is called the Adidas by Stella McCartney. Adidas by Stella McCartney new collection is communicated and advertised through some types of media and the Adidas Group itself and both sides hope to increase the brand awareness and enhance the brand equity. Adidas believes that the most suitable way to communicate with women that their target group consists of is through womens magazines. For that reason every womans magazine in Greece has ads of the Adidas by Stella McCartney collection. These ads are published at the magazine issue that is around the date of the new collection release, before and during major holidays such as Christmas and Easter. The collections distribution on the other hand is limited. The head offices in Athens Greece control the places where the collection will be available for purchase. Such cities are the centre of Athens, Thessaloniki, and Larissa. But also in those cities only some selected stores have the permission to sell Stellas collection and that occurs after being very carefully chosen complying with a number of criteria. The image of Adidas and Stella McCartney can not be risked by having stock products. This new top product line is targeting people in large cities; on the other hand the Woman Indoor classic line is available in Adidas stores all over the world and is addressed to general women consumers. Because of the fact that Adidas is planning on spending a bigger budget every year on the woman segment the company looks for spokespersons that can promote their new line and add value to it. Of course Stella McCartney can be considered as the first but some other agreements have been made too. Such spokespersons who can also be considered are among other world famous athletes, tennis player Maria Kirilenko, and 400 meters hurdle runner Fani Halkia from Greece. Both of these athletes have signed not only to model but also to wear Adidas by Stella McCartney collection in every athletic event or major training day. Adidas does not prefer television ads to advertise the womans collection. The company uses the female magazines to organize events and festivals in large department stores and promote its womans collection through direct marketing communication. Also Adidas has never used discounts on Stella McCartneys collection. Instead the company prefers to organize fashion shows with runways, competitions and snack and beverage happenings to promote their top line collection for women. Question 4 Present the market segments that you propose to be targeted. The target group(s) shall be reported in demographic and mental-psychographic and purchase motives terms. Adidas main target group for their womens collection should be consisted of 20 and 35 year old women, maybe 37. Such a woman should live in a city or in a suburban area near a big city. She can still be in college or she is older, independent and working in preferred position in a company. The targeted segment is able and spends a large amount of money on clothes, shoes and apparel. In mental psychographic and purchase motive terms she can be characterized as sexy and seductive for the group of 20 to 27 and economically independent and successful for the group 28 to 35. She believes that by purchasing and having a world famous label in her cloths and shoes she improves her image, which is the reason why she buys world famous designers expensive brands for cloths and shoes, because by that purchase she believes that her well known cloths make her being perceived accordingly by her environment. That targeted woman is very stylish in a peculiar way sometimes but likes to capture attention and glances of the people around her, she likes giving stylish and purchase advises and generally she likes to be unique in a crowd. Sports on the other hand play a very important role in her everyday life. She wants to be perceived as an athlete for her leisure time but she takes the chance every time there is a competition. She wants her clothing to be functional but by all means they have to be stylish as well so that she can feel secure. She usually spends her time on training in different kinds of sports 3 to 4 times per week and simultaneously she can also have a subscription in a gym or even a fitness center for relaxation, because staying fit and being healthy is among her priorities. Question 5 In brief present your sales promotion (of any type) proposals, in order to support marketing communication program and help to succeed the 2010 sales goals of the specific Adidas subgroup. Since 2004 Adidas has decided to spend more and more economic resources every year to increase its brand awareness towards women. As result a business agreement, more like collaboration, was established with word famous designer Stella McCartney. The Adidas by Stella McCartney collection is more stylish and fashionable including each years new fashion and style trends and separating from the previous collections designed for women which were targeted more into sport type women. Having TV commercials is not suitable for the advertising of the new collection. TV advertisements cost a lot and are a difficult task to try communicating efficiently with the companys target group in all countries; plus if TV ads are not controlled effectively can lead to an overexposure of the collection and as a result to the negative perception of the brand. On the other hand special discounts and offerings are in a way forbidden because they could lead in negative perception of the brand. The new top line collection for women should increase the brand equity and enhance the companys and designers brand image. What Adidas can follow is a direct marketing strategy, which is already being followed. Adidas by Stella McCartney collection is currently advertised in the majority of the womens magazines in Greece. Also Adidas can benefit from the fact that its collection is offered in the countrys most known shopping centers and malls and with the collaboration of each magazine separately can organize fashion shows with models wearing and promoting that top line collection. Also happenings can be carried out in the shopping malls and departments with free snacks and drinks during the introduction of a new season collection. With such events Adidas promotes not only its brand and new collection but also the shopping store that distributes and sells its top line collection avoiding in that way overexposure. Another sales promotion activity which can be introduced in a more premium way is the organizing of special events especially for the women subscribers of the female and fashion magazines. Adidas can benefit from the magazines readers databases and invite them in a cocktail party for example with famous fashion models, artists and designers. In that way Adidas promotes its new collection, establishes better communication with women from its target group and enhances its brand image and brand equity.

Religion and State Sovereignty :: social issues

Religion and State Sovereignty The influence of religion on humankind can be traced back to the first records of history. Religion has served as a pillar of strength to some and binding chains to others. There are vast amounts of information and anthropological studies revealing the interaction of religion and humankind. However, for the purposes of this paper, the time periods of study will be broken up into three sections. Each section will give a general description of how religion affected the institution of the state and its Sovereignty in a Euro-centric perspective. The first period is the early period, which will encompass from Christianity and the Roman Empire to the Medieval times (approx. 311 to 1100 A.D.). The second period will include the Renaissance, the Reformation to the Treaty of Westphalia (1101 to 1648 A.D.). The third and increment of history will range from 1649 to 1945 A.D. The date 311 A.D. marks the issuing of the "Edict of Toleration" for Christians. This date is important because it symbolizes "national" acceptance of Christianity, and planted its roots as a political institution. Later the Roman Empire on the verge of internal collapse acknowledged the importance of Christianity and used it to hold together the remnants of it former self. This adoption of Christianity took form and eventually became the Catholic church.The church became intermingled with politics and became a strong entity. The policies delivered from the church had more authority than the local rulers and magistrates of the developing feudal system. For example, St. Augustine wrote about war and what justified its enactment against fellow men. This policy was followed and adhered to for hundreds of yea rs after St. Augustine wrote it. Another example, is the use of the Bible as a guideline for establishing governing systems. Scripture portrayed God as choosing the king of the people. The pope, being God's "representative" was then given the authority to crown the king. This crowning process gave the pope large influence in the political arena. This ritual continued for a number of centuries. The Crusades, which occurred around 1100 A.D., played a crucial role in challenging the church's authority. The pope identifying the spread of Islam as evil requested all of Europe embark on a "Crusade" to defeat the infidels. As the battles were fought, great treasures were found in the form of books and knowledge. These books were crude translations of old Greek texts, containing information which would eventually produce the waning of Church authority in the future.

Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 Misinterpreted Essay

Reading Fahrenheit 451 one can only wonder on somewhat naà ¯ve, but nevertheless terrible prophecy of the dark future to come, brought on us by Ray Bradbury. Often seen as a work of fiction or anti-utopia, in fact this is just a social horror story, if such a genre can be invented for its description. The technologies depicted in Fahrenheit are rather primitive compared to modern times. Sure, Bradbury had extrapolated the TV screens of 50’s and predicted the invention of giant TV walls, with â€Å"presence effect† that allows the viewer to feel himself in the center of action. Bradbury had expressed the fears that TV means death of media of a previous generation, being the books. But, as McLuhan stated, the technologies of past ages don’t die so easily, â€Å"The dominant technologies of one age become the games and pastimes of a later age† (McLuhan, p99). As fears that cinema would mean the death of theatre had proved themselves to be incorrect, thus a larger-scale fear that TV means the end of books had proved itself to be false too. On the other hand, Bradbury hadn’t predicted the invention of a new media which would outscore the TV as much as TV outscores the books: the Internet. The TV had no chance to progress into totally-enveloping media reality depicted in the book, losing the race to more modern media. While Bradbury’s technology prediction hadn’t been correct, his social predictions had proved to be uncannily true, if somewhat optimistic. The all-world media programming is here, broadcasted by orbiting satellites, â€Å"turns the globe into a repertory theater to be programmed† (McLuhan, p9). And the news brought to us by every source – from TV to Internet and even to Radio – are apt to be manipulated simultaneously, as was shown brilliantly in â€Å"Wag the Dog†. The censorship depicted by Bradbury isn’t here; instead, we have a total media coverage that produces fake events undistinguishable from real. People do not need to follow instructions told to them on TV; instead, we follow the views and ideas presented to us daily. The Electric Dog doesn’t roam the streets: the society is our Electric Dog that doesn’t kill nonconformists in real sense but effectively blocks ‘them’ from ‘us’. What brings salvation and hope in Bradbury’s world after the holocaust are Bible words. It doesn’t mean that he relies on religion to carry us through the new Dark Ages – rather, he tells us about our inner faith, which isn’t expressed but felt and understood. But as no holocaust had happened yet, only those who really feels in need seek salvation, others are content with what they’ve got. Bradbury’s views on government in Fahrenheit border with clear accusations of fascism, the burning of books being the most obvious historical reference. But fascism in US had became such a popular scare since the end of WWII that we don’t fear it as much anymore. After all, if government would ever decide to apply a ‘stricter’ views to economics like Roosevelt’s New Deal in 30’s, (which is quite possible now because of economics crisis), most voices would be raised in its defense rather than in its critics. People feel the government to be controlled by them, not the other way round. In Fahrenheit society education of youth program them to see their world as unquestionably right, defies critical thinking and praises the conformity instead. This is not only an exaggerated, but also a distorted picture of modern education, depicted just to scare us even more, to create a sense of further isolation of Guy Montag from the world. Bradbury doesn’t give much attention to the youth; this is sensible, for what he longs for is the past. Fahrenheit’s ending can be seen as a longing for â€Å"Golden Age†, the times that never were real but always in our eyes seem to be brighter than today. It is a hymn to nostalgia. But one cannot contemplate his past too long – he must consider the future. We should look ahead and be brave, no matter what dangers are waiting for us there. Works Cited Bradbury, Ray. Fahrenheit 451. Published by Del Rey Books, Random House Publishing Group, 1953, renewed 1981. McLuhan, Marshall, From Clichà © to Archetype, Published by Viking Adult, 1970. Wag the Dog, by Barry Levinson, 1997 (the movie).

Womens Rights Essays

Womens Rights Essays Womens Rights Essay Womens Rights Essay n. d. Web. 22 Jan. 2013. 3. Europe ?„? « Women Suffrage and Beyond. Women Suffrage and Beyond RSS. N. p. , n. d. web. 22 Jan. 2013. 4. WOMEN IN THE ELI: women the HISTORY OF EUROPE womens politics: The Ferntntst Movement. WOMEN IN THE ELI: women in the HISTORY OF EUROPE Womens Politics: The Feminist Movement. N. p. , n. d. Web. 22 Jan. 2013. 2013.

USS Leyte (CV-32) - Korean War Aircraft Carrier

USS Leyte (CV-32) - Korean War Aircraft Carrier USS Leyte (CV-32) - Overview: Nation:  United States Type:  Aircraft Carrier Shipyard:  Newport News Shipbuilding Laid Down:  February 21, 1944 Launched:  August 23, 1945 Commissioned: April 11, 1946 Fate:  Sold for scrap, 1970 USS Leyte (CV-32) - Specifications: Displacement:  27,100 tons Length:  888 ft. Beam: 93 ft. (waterline) Draft:  28 ft., 7 in. Propulsion:  8 Ãâ€" boilers, 4 Ãâ€" Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 4 Ãâ€" shafts Speed:  33 knots Complement: 3,448 men USS Leyte (CV-32) - Armament: 4 Ãâ€" twin 5 inch 38 caliber guns4 Ãâ€" single 5 inch 38 caliber guns8 Ãâ€" quadruple 40 mm 56 caliber guns46 Ãâ€" single 20 mm 78 caliber guns Aircraft: 90-100 aircraft USS Leyte (CV-32) - A New Design: Designed in the 1920s and early 1930s, the US Navys  Lexington- and  Yorktown-class aircraft carriers were planned to fit within the restrictions set forth by the  Washington Naval Treaty. This placed limitations on the tonnage of different types of warships as well as capped each signatory’s total tonnage. These types of rules were furthered by the 1930 London Naval Treaty. As world tensions increased, Japan and Italy left the treaty structure in 1936. Upon the collapse of this system, the US Navy began work on a design for a new, larger class of aircraft carrier and one which utilized the lessons learned from the  Yorktown-class. The resulting design was longer and wider as well as incorporated a deck-edge elevator system. This had been used earlier on  USS  Wasp  (CV-7). In addition to carrying a more sizable air group, the new class mounted a greatly enlarged anti-aircraft armament. Work began on the lead ship,  USS  Essex  (CV-9) on April 28, 1941. With the US entrance into  World War II after the  attack on Pearl Harbor, the  Essex-class rapidly became the US Navys standard design for fleet carriers. The first four ships after  Essex  followed the types original design. In early 1943, the US Navy made multiple changes to improve future vessels. The most noticeable of these alterations was the lengthening the bow to a clipper design which allowed the addition of two quadruple 40 mm mounts. Other changes included moving the combat information center below the armored deck, improved aviation fuel and ventilation systems, a second catapult on the flight deck, and an additional fire control director. Though known as the long-hull  Essex-class or  Ticonderoga-class by some, the US Navy made no distinction between these and the earlier  Essex-class ships. USS Leyte (CV-32) - Construction: The first ship to move forward with the revised  Essex-class design was USS  Hancock  (CV-14) which was later re-dubbed Ticonderoga.   It was followed by additional vessels including USS Leyte (CV-32).   Laid down on February 21, 1944, work on Leyte began at Newport News Shipbuilding.   Named for the recently fought Battle of Leyte Gulf, the new carrier slid down the ways on August 23, 1945.   Despite the end of the war, construction continued and Leyte entered commission on April 11, 1946, with Captain Henry F. MacComsey in command.   Completing sea trails and shakedown operations, the new carrier joined the fleet later that year. USS Leyte (CV-32) - Early Service: In the fall of 1946, Leyte steamed south in consort with the battleship USS Wisconsin (BB-64) for a goodwill tour of South America.   Visiting ports along the continents western coast, the carrier then returned to the Caribbean in November for additional shakedown and training operations.   In 1948, Leyte received a compliment of new Sikorsky HO3S-1 helicopters before moving to the North Atlantic for Operation Frigid.   Over the next two years it participated in several fleet maneuvers as well as mounted an air power demonstration over Lebanon to help deter a growing Communist presence in the region.   Returning to Norfolk in August 1950, Leyte quickly replenished and received orders to move to the Pacific due to the beginning of the Korean War. USS Leyte (CV-32) - Korean War: Arriving at Sasebo, Japan on October 8, Leyte completed combat preparations before joining Task Force 77 off the Korean coast.   Over the next three months, the carriers air group flew  3,933 sorties and struck a variety of targets on the peninsula.   Among those operating from Leytes deck was Ensign Jesse L. Brown, the US Navys first African American aviator.   Flying a Chance Vought F4U Corsair, Brown was killed in action on December 4 while supporting troops during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir.   Departing in January 1951, Leyte returned to Norfolk for an overhaul.   Later that year, the carrier began the first of a series of deployments with the US Sixth Fleet in the Mediterranean.    USS Leyte (CV-32) - Later Service: Re-designated an attack carrier (CVA-32) in October 1952, Leyte remained in the Mediterranean until early 1953 when it returned to Boston.   Though initially selected for deactivation, the carrier received a reprieve on August 8 when it was selected to serve as an anti-submarine carrier (CVS-32).   While undergoing conversion to this new role, Leyte suffered an explosion in its port catapult machinery room on October 16.   This and the resulting fire killed 37 and injured 28 before it was extinguished.   After undergoing repairs from the accident, work on Leyte moved forward and was completed on January 4, 1945.    Operating from Quonset Point in Rhode Island, Leyte commenced anti-submarine warfare activities in the North Atlantic and Caribbean.   Serving as flagship of Carrier Division 18, it remained active in this role for the next five years.   In January 1959, Leyte steamed for New York to begin an inactivation overhaul.   As it had not undergone the major upgrades, such as SCB-27A or SCB-125, that many other Essex-class ships had received it was deemed surplus to the fleets needs.   Re-designated as an aircraft transport (AVT-10), it was decommissioned on May 15, 1959.   Moved to the Atlantic Reserve Fleet in Philadelphia, it remained there until being sold for scrap in September 1970.   Selected Sources DANFS: USS Leyte (CV-32)NavSource: USS Leyte (CV-32)Hull Number: USS Leyte (CV-32)

Compare and contrast the Buddhist view of self with that of Assignment

Compare and contrast the Buddhist view of self with that of Christianity - Assignment Example In Christianity, God is the omnipotent and He is the creator of world, humans and life. He is entitled to shower his love and blessings on his folks and devotees. Buddhism on the other hand follows a different perception as regards to the concept of self. Here, man is more prominent than the presence of God. God is inevidently the creator of the universe but never does it mentions about the presence of that omnipotent power to take care or shower its blessing on its folk. Man in Buddhist philosophy is the creator of his own destiny and it is the self, responsible for suffering too. It is the â€Å"karma† of a man that makes him responsible for his suffering. Buddhism and Christianity, both of the religions, could not excel their limitations of eternity and laying down the exact role of human on earth and the role of God. These two facets sometimes overlap with many other regimes that noteworthy in both the religion. All About Religion, â€Å"Comparison Christianity and Buddhism - What are the differences?†, July 24, 2010. Religion. 2010.

Managing Across Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Managing Across Cultures - Essay Example In this case then the managing across the different cultures should be professional without any discrimination drawn on the lines of culture. It is then common to find many news articles and other published materials addressing advocating for the effective management across cultures in all business organizations or companies. Therefore, the implications of business management and other aspects of culture in business decision making are mostly outlined in such articles. I found such an article with the title â€Å"Build on Your Strengths Instead of Focusing on Flaws.† In this article, Harjit Gill who is the chief executive of an electronics company based in Singapore gives his experience on how to manage the company with a team of employees with different cultures in order to meet the company’s objectives. As explained in Kolesnikov-Jessop (2014), Gill explains that a good manager is a person that is very transparent to others and someone that other people are always free to talk to and seek help from in case of any challenges or problems at the workplace. He explains that all these draw the line between a team leader and a team manager. This means that when it comes to managing and organization, one needs to ensure that that the team he is managing get to learn and step up from the level they are in. when it is about delegation of duties, an employee should be able to understand that decision made by the manger and identify how the decision is good for them and the whole organization. Gill also gives his experience while managing across cultures in the company. He says that one should generalize issues without considering the composition of the workforce and instead get to know the people well and the different cultural aspects in them (Kolesnikov-Jessop, 2014). It is important them to pull the different people into one team that can learn from each other by leveraging the differences in cultural traits of the

Business Law in Finance and Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Law in Finance and Accounting - Essay Example Upon the dissolution of the ongoing partnership, the assets are distributed equally. By continuing with the current form of business organization, Barbara, Helen and Maureen will experience various advantages and disadvantages as discussed below. Synergy. By combining their strengths, the three partners have sufficient potential to deal with the business challenges and achieve their objectives. Given the fact that each of them has a certain skill, they will be able to undertake various responsibilities for example marketing and innovation without incurring extra cost of hiring external personnel. Fewer regulations. As compared to corporations, joint ventures are subject to fewer regulations. This implies that the three partners owning Sweet Pleasures will not be restricted to undertake most of the activities (Sarah and Vida, 2013). Additionally, the partners will not incur high costs such as undertaking an initial public offer (IPO) which public companies engage in. As far as taxation is concerned, Sweet Pleasures, is exposed to fewer taxes, thus the partners are able to make high profits in future if they continue to work as a joint venture. Easy to form. Joint ventures are relatively easy to form. This is based on the fact that during their formation, the partners do not engage in extensive process. However, during the initial stages, considerable thought should be put while looking for the best partner who has a positive mentality towards business activities (Lucy, 2013). Accessibility of capital. By operating as joint venture, Sweet Pleasures will have stronger potential of accessing greater amount of capital (The Company Warehouse). Based on their interest in business activities and future expansion, financial institutions will likely be in a position to provide adequate funds to the partnership. Liability. By working jointly, the partners are liable for the actions of other in the partnership. This implies that if a partner fails in his or her roles,

Mercutio vs Romeo Essay Example for Free

Mercutio vs Romeo Essay Love is a hard thing to define but lust is a burning desire for another person, and it usually doesn’t last a very long time. Love can transform over years and still remain consistent. Lust is superficial when only the appearance is considered but nothing else, which can be called ‘love at first sight’. Lust is only a short-term relationship, whereas love leads to a deeper understanding of the other person and one develops affection and caring for them. Mercutio’s idea of love doesn’t involve commitment, is more realistic than Romeo’s view and Mercutio doesn’t allow love to inflict any pain. Romeo’s idea of love includes commitment, and has a deeper, more passionate love and he allows himself to be vulnerable to his emotions and lets them take over. Mercutio and Romeo’s view on love are both similar in the sense that they involve desire for a girl and they are driven by their emotions. Both are fuelled by madness and this leads to them making rash decisions that result in a big loss and in Mercutio’s case, his life. Mercutio’s anger and feud with Tybalt leads him to go mad and be stabbed to death. Romeo’s anger gets the better of him which results in him stabbing Tybalt, after just having married Juliet. In the end, Romeo’s grief over Juliet’s ‘death’ overcomes his will to listen to reason and this poor decision ends up terminating his life too soon. Another similarity is that both characters are captivated by looks. They both speak of a woman’s outer appearance and have rarely talked about their personalities. When Romeo first sees Juliet, he marvels at her beauty without trying to figure out who see really was. O, she doth teach the torches to burn bright! It seems she hangs upon the cheek of night, Like a rich jewel in an Ethiop’s ear; Beauty too rich for use, for earth too dear† (1. 5. L. 44-47) In Act II, Scene 2, we see Mercutio trying to lure Romeo out by describing Rosaline’s appearance, â€Å"I conjure thee by Rosaline’s bright eyes, By her high forehead and her scarlet lip, By her fine foot, straight leg, and quivering thigh. †(2. 1. L. 17-19) In the start of the play, Romeo and Mercutio think that all ther e is to ‘love’ is having sex. Even the servants, Sampson and Gregory mentioned wanting to sexually harassing the maids of the Montagues. â€Å"That shows thee a weak slave; for the weakest goes to the wall. † â€Å"’Tis true; and therefore women, being the weaker vessels, are ever thrust to the wall: therefore I will push Montague’s men from the wall and thrust his maids to the wall. † (1. 1. L. 12-17) This proves that most men in this time thought of themselves as superiors compared to women. As the play progresses, Romeo’s view on love changes after he meets Juliet. After meeting Juliet, he falls in love with her as a whole instead of just her appearance. While there are minor similarities between Mercutio and Romeo’s view on love, the differences are pronounced and deserve thorough examination because the line between lust and love is very confusing and many people in society mix the two up. On one hand, Mercutio’s view can be described as ‘a chase for something sexual’. He never mentions settling down with a girl and having a committed relationship. Mercutio, unlike Romeo, does not believe in fate deciding his path, instead he lives in the moment. Mercutio doesn’t let love overthrow his conscience and guide his actions. Romeo says â€Å"Is love a tender thing? It is too rough, too rude, too boisterous, and it pricks like a thorn. † (1. 4. L. 25-26), to which Mercutio replies with â€Å"If love be rough with you, be rough with love; Prick love for pricking, and you beat love down. † (1. 4. L. 27-28) In those lines, he talks about how in order to defeat love and to not have it afflict with your actions is to have sex instead of loving someone and go through the pain of them not reciprocating your feelings. On the other hand, Romeo has a romanticized view which is shown by his strong reliance on fate, and the stars. In these lines, Romeo says â€Å"I am too enpierced with his shaft, To soar with his light feathers, and so bound, I cannot bound a pitch above dull woe. Under love’s heavy burden do I sink† (1. 4. L. 19-22) Romeo is being pulled down by the amount of pain from not being able to see Rosaline. At first he’s a victim of being caught up in Rosaline’s looks and mistook it as love. It wasn’t until he met Juliet that he truly discovered the true meaning. Romeo wallows in self-pity and loves by night. â€Å"I have night’s cloak to hide me from their sight; And but thou love me, let them find me here: My life were better ended by their hate, then death prorogued, wanting of thy love† (2. 2. L. 75-78) In contrast, Mercutio appears in the play mostly in the day and shows that he believes he can control his life and is more realistic than Romeo. He serves as the contrasting character to show a ifferent perspective on love from Romeo’s passionate, and emotional view on love. In culmination, Romeo’s idea of love is stimulated, loyal, and susceptible to pain. Romeo shows his vulnerability and readers and viewers of the movie have an easier time relating to his feeling for heartbreak. His loyal and never changing love for Juliet even as she was ‘dead’ made readers fall in love with his character. Although Romeo and Mercutio have different perspectives on love, they also have similarities which make them able to be such good friends.

Deconstruction Of The Rationalist Philosopher Rene Descartes Philosophy Essay

Deconstruction Of The Rationalist Philosopher Rene Descartes Philosophy Essay This deconstruction of a rationalist philosopher such as Rene Descartes is influenced primarily by a heavy exposure to Nietzsche, Marx, Kierkegaard, and Foucault. Upon a personal philosophical synthesis of these philosophers to my self, a reexamination of Descartes produces astonishment that such work is considered honorable and fame-worthy. Rene Descartes is considered to be the founder of analytical geometry, as well as an important contributor to the scientific method, and finally, a philosopher. However, a philosophical scrutiny of this logician shows reveals that there is some legitimate substance lacking in his analysis and attempts to reach truth, and instead only achieves convictions. Such a realization and conclusion implores to unveil the ambiguity of Descartes philosophy and discredit him as an honorable philosopher (while not touching the mathematician). On the Begging of Questions and Initial Fallibility Rene Descartes opens his meditations by recognizing that his conceptions of the world are largely based on shaky foundations and uncertainties, and thus sets out to apply himself to the general destruction of all his former opinions. In the opening, Descartes describes the nature of the task, Now it will not be necessaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ to prove that they [his former opinions] are all falseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ [but] the slightest ground for doubt that I find any, will suffice for me to reject all of them. (Descartes, 95) Immediately we are faced with the illegitimacy of such a claim, for it supposes that Descartes is liable to reject all which he doubts. That is, he is liable to reject some true things, and accept some false things so long as he has certainty of them and he would necessarily embrace this. Descartes uses this idea consistently when he claims that that which is known by the senses cannot be accepted as certain or true (and perhaps he is committing one of many fallacies when he implies that certainty equates truth). However, he claims that some things which are known by the senses, such as that he is holding paper, are ridiculous to doubt, for that is the kind of doubt that would have him assimilate myself to those insane persons whose mind are so troubledà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Descartes, 96) Here he most conspicuously begs the question as to what is certain and real, and thus sets the stage for a fest of question-begging which ensues for the remainder of the meditations. A side note concerning his illegitimacy is that when Descartes claims to have doubted everything, he still uses memory and language. Yet how can he trust these faculties especially if he were to apply the same reason to them as he did to his senses that it is imprudent to trust anything which has ever deceived him? Indeed, Descartes cannot doubt everything from the beginning, and for the sake of Construction accepts some premises which are likely to be faulty. (Harrison-Barbet, 127) The Dream Problem Continuing in the deconstruction, Descartes mentions a most interesting point: that there are no conclusive signs by means of which one can distinguish clearly between being awake and being asleep. (Descartes, 96) Descartes attempts to eliminate the ambiguity of what is real and not by implying that that which is doubtless in both the real world and the dream world is doubtless in itself, such as algebra, geometry, and astronomy. However, though these mathematics may appear to be true, it is still fairly uncertain which world is the real one. The Evil Genius / God Problem Descartes suddenly introduces the concept of a God. Supposing that there is a being who is all-powerful and by whom I was created and made as I am, (Descartes, 98) Descartes poses the question as to how he can be certain that that which is established, of the indubitably of mathematics, is not the object of deception by a more powerful being, and his existence and nature are of a major concern for the meditations. First, Descartes proposes the possibility that there is not a true God, who is the sovereign source of truth, but some Evil Genius, no less cunning and deceiving than powerful, who has used all his artifice to deceive me. (Descartes, 100) What Descartes means by true God is uncertain here, as is his term Evil Genius, but clearly the latter is an illusionist who is in the habit or practice of deception. Descartes supposes that this Evil Genius is all-powerful, so that if he is real, then God cannot be, and vice-versa, but simultaneously he professes that the suspension of all judgment and building up his knowledge from only that which is certain protects him from the illusions of the Evil Genius. He does not consider the rational implication that this may lead him to an infinite regress of uncertainty, as in the case of suspecting that he is suspecting something to be untrue, for this is most detrimental to the object of building a foundation and structure of certainty. The Cogito Descartes supposes that perhaps there is nothing which is certain, nor certain to exist, except his self his ego. That is, given the existence of a deceptive Evil Genius, and given that Descartes thinks, it must be logical that that which thinks must exist, and therefore, despite any deception, Descartes exists, and thus Descartes has attained a point of reference and the foundation of all of his knowledge. Firstly, however, Descartes supposes the existence of an Evil Genius, and has not refuted the possibility of an infinite regress in which it is possible that he is being deceived about the proposition that Descartes assumes to be true: that an Evil Genius exists, or he does not. There has been a great wealth of criticisms concerning Descartes cogito, that if we were to focus on this, we would be quite repetitious and dreary, and thus this essay will presume the cogito just as Descartes has that is, that he exists, with reference to a single instance of such criticism from respect: [The cogito] commits the error of circular reasoning; for the I in I am is already presupposed in the I of I think, and any necessity it possess is a matter of logic which has nothing to say about actual existent thingsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Harrison-Barbet, 126) Indeed, what has Descartes truly doubted before he makes this claim? Everything except what he needs in constructing, it seems he has already presumed an I, and besides that already has a conception of what thinking is (and necessarily what not thinking is). Indeed, Descartes has not doubted everything as he had attempted. (Nietzsche BGE, 24) This habit of not doubting everything and making leaps in logic serve very well in order to create the Cartesian Structure, which is more the goal than reaching truth, though Descartes seems to imply that a structure and Truth would be equal. The Infinite as Beyond Logic and Understanding In Meditation three, Descartes attempts to prove the existence of God, in which, according to his own logic, he is unsuccessful. One of Descartes unwritten premises is that God can be known by logic. Considering a being who is solely a creator, this may be possible, but Descartes God is characterized by being infinite. Thus the question that is most prudent to ask is if God can be known through logical means. Logically, this would mean that there is something to which God is not superior, and therefore calling him an infinite being and knowable through logic is just contradictory. What we cannot do, according to Kierkegaard, is believe by virtue of reason. If we choose faith [or belief] we must suspend our reason in order to believe in something higher than reason. (McDonald) Indeed, Kierkegaard makes a worthy reaffirmation of the futility of trying to know something which is above reason through reason. Supposing, however, that Descartes God so desires, then of course he could be known by logic indeed, but what is next to be examined is if the finite can know the nature of the infinite. Descartes has claimed the potential existence of some supreme, infinite being, and is attempting to gain knowledge about him. However, Descartes is a mortal, finite being, who cannot, without the will of God, grasp the will or nature of the infinite. By definition, even if God allowed this to him, God may have just as well disallowed this. That Descartes presumes that God is allowing himself to be known, and also that he allows himself to be known through logic is a presumption which relies heavily upon two very shaky supports: that Gods will is for himself to be understood or known, and that God is not a deceiver. It seems that it is simple for all knowledge claims to have a base which, ultimately, lies in some unproved assumption (even mathematics, according to Russell), but it is precisely Descartes unique doubting method which makes it so that we cannot grant him the benefit of the unproven assumptions which he makes. The attacks upon the knowledge of God through logic presented above can be applied to Descartes suppositious argument that his conception of God cannot have originated within himself. His claim to this argument is that he is finite, whereas God is infinite, and that the idea of something which is more real cannot originate with something which is less real. Here Descartes is not considering the alternative. That is, he is already begging the question that God exists or is real, when he should also consider that perhaps the idea of the existence of God is less real than himself. This would mean that, even according to his argument, his idea of God may be an illusion, thus making him more real and existing than God or the idea of God, whereas this idea is only an idea, and his existence is real. Therefore, he would be the creator of something more imperfect (the illusion), thus being more perfect than the idea of God, which, according to his Cartesian logic, is a legitimate argument which he has failed to consider. In considering that his idea originated from God, he is begging the question that God exists. Furthermore, Descartes claims that he cannot doubt the idea of God because he has a clear and distinct perception that it is true. Once more, despite the shakiness of the presumptions base and logic, with the proof of God, Descartes is successful at beginning to convince himself that there are some things which he can begin to believe and accept. On the Reason for Existence Now, Descartes presents a most interesting argument. He claims that he exists, and that this existence must have a cause, which may be from himself, that he has always existed, his parents, something less perfect than God, or God, and that he could exist for no other reason. (Wikipedia, argument outline) Descartes naivetà © in the matter of refuting his goals will be exploited here. Firstly, he supposes that perhaps he created himself, but refutes this by claiming that if this had been the case, he would have made himself perfect. If I were [God] I should certainly doubt nothing, I should conceive no desires, and finally I would lack no perfection of which I have in me some idea . This is a very adolescent approach to refuting this, for one may simply ask how Descartes knows the nature of God once more. Indeed, If Descartes were God and his own creator, is it not possible that he would make himself ignorant to alleviate his boredom of omniscience? Is it not possible that he would make himself believe that he is human? By Descartes definition, God can do anything he wills, and thus how can Descartes claim to know what God would like? This arrogance is mirrored in a poor refutation of his argument. Perhaps he has convinced himself that he is not God, but this refutation is a very dim one. Furthermore, how does he know the nature of perfection? Descartes is supposing that as he is right now is imperfect. He does not consider that perhaps he is a perfect being: indeed, that perhaps the consideration that he is imperfect, that he is lacking, that he is finite, and doubting everything, perhaps all are functions of perfection, including considering a wrong conception of perfection. This would make Descartes a perfect being, but nonetheless one who is confused and perhaps discontented, but Descartes fails to even consider this, instead reverting to an old idea of perfection, which by now has evolved from simply supremely existing to being doubtless and undesiring too. Descartes other sources of existence will not be refuted because they are so embarrassing, but he then wonders how, given that God exists, he received this idea. He quickly dismisses that it was created by him, begging the question, and asserts that it is an innate idea, and that it was placed there by God at birth. He gives no substance to this claim, and concludes the third meditation with a most disturbing note: that God is not a deceiver. This attempt to shed light upon the nature of God is once more an arrogant question-begging leap. Descartes claims that deception is an imperfection. How he knows this, or how he can possibly know what perfection is, he leaves uncertain and assumed once more. Apparently, it is because he has an idea of perfection, and deception is not as perfect as the absence of deception in his mind. However, it is essential to understand that this very idea is reliant on the premise that this is indeed the case. For if God is a deceiver, then he is essentially equal to the Evil Genius, and may have well placed a wrong idea of perfection in Descartes mind. Descartes claim that deception is imperfect stems from the premise that deceit stems necessarily from some defect, which is a horrendous question-begging root, for he automatically disregards any of these defects as attributes of God simply because that is the way in which he conceives of them. That is, anything which he conceives of as bad, ther efore, is bad. He doesnt question his ability to make this claim. However, this is alright for Descartes, for he is desperate to erect his structure of certainty already why not skip and ignore some steps so long as he can have certainty? On the Benevolence of God Descartes claims that God must be benevolent, and gives substance to this claim by further claiming that God cannot be a deceiver, since deception is imperfect. This idea of perfection stems from his clear and distinct ideas of perfection, which are true by virtue of all of his doubtless claims being true due to the premise that God is not a deceiver. However, Gods benevolence is dependent upon Descartes clear and distinct perceptions, which thus creates a very circular reasoning. And what of the nature of God? Can omnipotence truly coexist with omni-benevolence? Supposing, as Descartes has, that there indeed exists an infinite being who is supreme to all other things ever conceivable and existing, there arises the paradox of an infinite benevolence. Can God be both omni-benevolent and omnipotent? For indeed, if he were omni-benevolent, then he would necessarily have no capacity for malice, and thus once more not be infinite. Can it be possible that Descartes is considering that, if God should so will it, he could not express pure malice? Is God thus limited? Is he then still an infinite God? Perhaps his idea of benevolence was instead opposite to perfection, and he has just proved the existence of the Evil Genius? These utterly absurd assumptions which the finite mortal being Descartes attempts to make about the nature of God are truly disturbing. Indeed, even through logic, what is understandable about God is that we may be wrong in all of our conceptions of him, but we may also be right in some. Indeed, Descartes miserably failed to examine that nothing can be certain about that which is more infinite than our finite understandings. Thus, the premise of the omni-benevolence of God which Descartes claims through his circular reasoning will not be granted to him, and anything further built upon the expectations that all of his clear and distinct ideas are true, and that God is not a deceiver, are built on top of such a shaky foundation that will be considered as unreliable sources of truth and reason. Thus, we have the possibility that God is indeed a deceiver, and both the deconstruction and the early reconstruction will be reexamined. The Evil Genius / God Problem Reexamined Descartes early doubts concerning the Evil Genius and God reappear, and the concept that the Evil Genius and God are the same is a possibility, though it must be admitted, that this is rather unknown. Indeed then, Descartes was correct in doubting everything, for indeed, everything may be a deception and an illusion, and everything he may seem to know has the potential to be false. (The Radical Academy) The Dream Problem Reexamined When considering that God/Evil Genius may be real and existing, and possibly deceiving, the Dream Problem is given a whole new perspective. Indeed, even the things which are true in both the real world and the dream world, such as mathematics, may be deceptions created and placed into Descartes mind by this infinite being. This would mean that Descartes would truly have no knowledge of what is real and what is a dream, if even his conceptions of real and dream are legitimate conceptions in the first place. This leads us to Descartes most genuine statement from the beginning of his treatise, that [maybe] there is nothing certain in the world. (Descartes, 102) Beyond Infinity The reasons for which Descartes arguments following the establishment of the existence of an infinite being are invalid is because he constantly refers to this infinite to propagate that he cannot be wrong in what he conceives because he believe the existing God to be benevolent and not a deceiver. However, since this premise is so weak, his structures of mathematics and sciences, and then in the end senses and other bodies are so unstable that, even if true, are inconsistencies based on a weak premises which do not deserve to be examined. Descartes fails to achieve truth (but not in building a structure). Conclusion: On the Philosophy of his Mind A Structure of Secure Certainty It is most appropriate to mention an analysis of Descartes meditations and what he has achieved. Rene Descartes began his meditations by hoping to eliminate all doubt and achieve certainty. By the end of the meditations, it appears that he has done just this. However, his flaws, incessant question-begging, and absurd philosophical method have been pointed out above, thus raising the inquiry of the coexistence of the absence of doubt and truth. Descartes primary aim was to eliminate doubt, and by the very end he is shown to be doubtless indeed. However, the matter is different when concerning truth. Descartes has mentioned that in his life he has struggled to find something certain, and the Cartesian Structure which he has constructed for himself is perhaps the very thing for which he had been searching. Indeed, Descartes may now rest easily accepting that everything which he clearly and distinctly perceives is true, and that everything he considers, therefore, is essentially true for he believes that he could not be deceived. Yet this goes back to an original concern of rejecting truth or accepting untruth. By the end of the Meditations, it is clear that truth and untruth are for Descartes merely functions of what is certain and what is doubtful. That is, for him, truth or untruth is a quality which an idea gains as one is accustomed to it (such as in the Cartesian Structure), and so long as he is doubtless about it, he is living his philosophy well. Essentially what this means is that, though Descartes may fail at reaching truths logically, at least he removes doubt from himself, and may rest easily. It is for this reason that the Cartesian philosophy is one which is a philosophy solely for Descartes (and perhaps those of similar mental properties). That is, this philosophy, which is based upon comfort in certainty and anti-doubt, cannot have a universal application to all humans, but only for himself, for perhaps he alone can achieve a comfort with this exact method. Thus, Descartes reconstruction provides him with a method for removing doubt, but cannot be used by others to remove doubt, nor to reach much truth, for their psychological states vary from Descartes, who has created a system which works for himself (it is considered that this may work for some others, but these are generally not considered here, thus only slightly mentioned in these parentheses). Thus, has Descartes eliminated doubt? Indeed, yes he has, and it just so happens that he has achieved this psychological state philosophically. However, it is not a philosophical state of truth at all perhaps solely the state of potential truth. For Descartes, however, it is simpler, clearer, and more distinct to conceive of these two as synonymous as he takes a nap from six long and excruciating meditations, allowing him the luxury of defining metaphysical and epistemological as he pleases. His philosophy is essentially the propagation of his psychology in the erection of his Cartesian Structure, that this structure is the very thing necessary to discard doubt. Or in Friedrich Nietzsches words, every great philosophy so far has beenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the personal confession of its author and a kind of involuntary unconscious memoir. (BGE, 13)

Use of Storm Imagery in Villette and Frankenstein Essays -- comparison

  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Romantic and Victorian periods saw a flowering of imagery: for the Romantics, because it often proved the best way to express their vague philosophical yearnings and ideas; for the Victorians, because societal taboos all too often prevented discussion of topics unless they were "coded" in acceptable images. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and Charlotte Brontkà ©'s Villette, despite springing from these two different periods of literature, share a type of symbol. In each "bildingsroman," storms provide a dominant textual metaphor for violent and confusing turning points in the main character's development. For Lucy Snowe, storms usher her along in her development from shy, frigid nursemaid to more open, self-sufficient school-mistress: though fearful and traumatic, the storms, and experiences, tend to mold and enhance her personality. But for Victor Frankenstein, storms punctuate his relationship with his horrid creation, and show his steady dissolution towards tragedy a nd attempted revenge.    Villette practically opens with a storm: after the initial exposition, Lucy tells of how "it was a wet night; the rain lashed the panes, and the wind sounded angry and restless" on the evening when Polly Home first arrived. This admittedly minor change in her life still presages, in its stormy accompaniment, the larger turning-points in her life that storms are to indicate. Indeed, Lucy's stay with Polly and the Brettons is immediately followed by her famous and unexplained "shipwreck" image that begins Chapter IV. Whether it represents forced incest or merely financial reversals and deaths in the family, it is this storm which produces much of the cool reserve and surfeit of reason that troubles Lucy through the rest of the novel.... ...xiles at Home: A Story of Literature in Nineteenth Century America. Lanham: University Press of America, Inc., 1984. Mellor, Anne K. Mary Shelley. Her Life, her Fiction, her Monsters. Methuen. New York, London, 1988. Shelley, Mary.   Frankenstein   New American Library edition, 1983. Patterson, Arthur Paul A.   Frankenstein Study. http://www.watershed.winnipeg.mb.ca/Frankenstein.html    You may wish to place the following quotes at the beginning of the paper for a stronger impact.   "These strange accents in the storm -- this restless, hopeless cry -- denote a coming state of the atmosphere unpropitious to life." (Brontà ©, p. 46) "This almost miraculous change of inclination and will was... the last effort made by the spirit of preservation to avert the storm that was even then hanging in the stars and ready to envelop me." (Shelley, p. 41)   

Uncle Bob

I am so excited to go on vacation in Miami, Florida! Best of all, my Uncle Bob is coming with me! Uncle Bob lives in California and is also excited to go on vacation because he has never been out of the state before. Uncle Bob and I were having a great time on our vacation visiting the beautiful beaches and area attractions. In the middle of our vacation, Uncle Bob and I were heading back to the condo we rented when we got pulled over by the Miami Police. Uncle Bob spoke with the officer for a while then was arrested! I couldn’t understand why he was arrested; he was just speeding! Uncle Bob and I had a drink when we at the beach, but that was two hours prior to us leaving so there was no way he was drunk! Uncle Bob had been in some trouble before, but that was in California. Was it possible that his license wasn’t valid? Maybe, but how did a Miami, Florida police officer know enough about Uncle Bob to arrest him? With Uncle Bob’s situation, I have started doing some research of my own; technology has dramatically changed how law enforcement collects, stores, and retrieves information. Law Enforcement personnel are able to easily find information about individuals nationwide. The Miami, Florida Police Department has a fully integrated police records management system which allows law enforcement officers to gather information on an individual’s criminal, probation, court, vehicle, and prison records, as well as local and other agency records. Therefore, the officer who stopped Uncle Bob for speeding was able to access his previous records from the state of California through the use of his mobile office; the mobile radio system, and mobile data computer in his patrol vehicle (Foster, 2005). A Law Enforcement Officer has the ability to access information about an individual by use of their driver’s license or state identification number, or even their name and date of birth. When Uncle Bob and I were pulled over, the officer ran his driver’s license number to check for validation and warrants. If Uncle Bob’s previous charges left him with a suspended license in California, then that would explain why he was arrested here in Florida. Likewise, if Uncle Bob didn’t take care of his responsibilities for the charges in California, he may have a warrant which would also explain his arrest in Florida. However, maybe Uncle Bob didn’t have a suspended license or any warrants issued from California; why did he get arrested then? I know we weren’t in a stolen car because we rented it from the airport when we arrived in Miami. Maybe there was a crime that took place in this area, and a witness gave Law Enforcement a description of the suspect that is similar to Uncle Bob or the rental car? If that’s the case, then the arresting officer must have questioned him of our activities that day to see if we were in the area of which the crime took place. Uncle Bob may have been suspected of being the perpetrator, and was taken to the police department for further questioning. It is also possible that Uncle Bob actually did commit a crime while here in Miami, and that was why he was speeding; to try and get away. However, Uncle Bob has been with me the whole time so I know he didn’t commit a crime here! Perhaps Uncle Bob is still on probation in California, and not allowed to leave the state; if that is so, then the arresting officer could have accessed Uncle Bob’s probation records, contacted his probation officer, and arrested him on a probation violation of leaving the state of California. Also, if he is on probation, the probation officer may have found out that he left California and put out a warrant for his arrest; explaining why he was arrested here in Miami. My last possible thought regarding Uncle Bob’s arrest would be a clerical data entry error. The last time Uncle Bob was arrested; he was incarcerated and served his time. However, the individual entering case information may have incorrectly input his data or input another person’s data with a similar name, under his name, causing Uncle Bob to be wanted in connection with another crime. References Foster, R. E. (2005). Police technology (1st ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/ Prentice Hall. Uncle Bob I am so excited to go on vacation in Miami, Florida! Best of all, my Uncle Bob is coming with me! Uncle Bob lives in California and is also excited to go on vacation because he has never been out of the state before. Uncle Bob and I were having a great time on our vacation visiting the beautiful beaches and area attractions. In the middle of our vacation, Uncle Bob and I were heading back to the condo we rented when we got pulled over by the Miami Police. Uncle Bob spoke with the officer for a while then was arrested! I couldn’t understand why he was arrested; he was just speeding! Uncle Bob and I had a drink when we at the beach, but that was two hours prior to us leaving so there was no way he was drunk! Uncle Bob had been in some trouble before, but that was in California. Was it possible that his license wasn’t valid? Maybe, but how did a Miami, Florida police officer know enough about Uncle Bob to arrest him? With Uncle Bob’s situation, I have started doing some research of my own; technology has dramatically changed how law enforcement collects, stores, and retrieves information. Law Enforcement personnel are able to easily find information about individuals nationwide. The Miami, Florida Police Department has a fully integrated police records management system which allows law enforcement officers to gather information on an individual’s criminal, probation, court, vehicle, and prison records, as well as local and other agency records. Therefore, the officer who stopped Uncle Bob for speeding was able to access his previous records from the state of California through the use of his mobile office; the mobile radio system, and mobile data computer in his patrol vehicle (Foster, 2005). A Law Enforcement Officer has the ability to access information about an individual by use of their driver’s license or state identification number, or even their name and date of birth. When Uncle Bob and I were pulled over, the officer ran his driver’s license number to check for validation and warrants. If Uncle Bob’s previous charges left him with a suspended license in California, then that would explain why he was arrested here in Florida. Likewise, if Uncle Bob didn’t take care of his responsibilities for the charges in California, he may have a warrant which would also explain his arrest in Florida. However, maybe Uncle Bob didn’t have a suspended license or any warrants issued from California; why did he get arrested then? I know we weren’t in a stolen car because we rented it from the airport when we arrived in Miami. Maybe there was a crime that took place in this area, and a witness gave Law Enforcement a description of the suspect that is similar to Uncle Bob or the rental car? If that’s the case, then the arresting officer must have questioned him of our activities that day to see if we were in the area of which the crime took place. Uncle Bob may have been suspected of being the perpetrator, and was taken to the police department for further questioning. It is also possible that Uncle Bob actually did commit a crime while here in Miami, and that was why he was speeding; to try and get away. However, Uncle Bob has been with me the whole time so I know he didn’t commit a crime here! Perhaps Uncle Bob is still on probation in California, and not allowed to leave the state; if that is so, then the arresting officer could have accessed Uncle Bob’s probation records, contacted his probation officer, and arrested him on a probation violation of leaving the state of California. Also, if he is on probation, the probation officer may have found out that he left California and put out a warrant for his arrest; explaining why he was arrested here in Miami. My last possible thought regarding Uncle Bob’s arrest would be a clerical data entry error. The last time Uncle Bob was arrested; he was incarcerated and served his time. However, the individual entering case information may have incorrectly input his data or input another person’s data with a similar name, under his name, causing Uncle Bob to be wanted in connection with another crime. References Foster, R. E. (2005). Police technology (1st ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/ Prentice Hall.